SUrface Enrichment Drawing by Regina Valluzzi

Ink on Paper, 4.3x5.5 in
$625
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  • Original Artwork Drawing, Ink / Marker on Paper
  • Dimensions Height 4.3in, Width 5.5in
  • Categories Drawings under $1,000 Abstract
Pigment ink pens, metallic ink pens and art markers on acid free RendR opaque drawing paper. 14 × 11 inches The surface of a condensed phase has special properties that are different from the interior. If a molecule thermodynamically “likes” being surrounded by other molecules on all sides, at the surface that molecule is exposed and thermodynamically[...]
Pigment ink pens, metallic ink pens and art markers on acid free RendR opaque drawing paper. 14 × 11 inches

The surface of a condensed phase has special properties that are different from the interior. If a molecule thermodynamically “likes” being surrounded by other molecules on all sides, at the surface that molecule is exposed and thermodynamically “unhappy”. If the atoms in a material have a three dimensional preferred bonding pattern, at the surface some of those bonds are unsatisfied.

Sometimes a molecule will segregate to a surface or interface. Usually these surface enriched molecules are pushed out of the bulk (thermodynamically – no maxwell’s demons here!). In this case, the molecules at the surface are usually different from the ones in the bulk interior. Since something has to go to the surface, thermodynamics favors keeping the best conditions for the majority of molecules in the bulk, and the less common chemistries are enriched at the surface.

In the case of polymers, even a subtle difference like deuteration can cause noticeable surface enrichment. Polymers are long floppy molecules with low mixing entropy, so a number of effects are magnified.

This artist’s creative and somewhat surreal rendition of surface enrichment uses archival Prismacolor art markers and Windsor and Newton archival pigment markers with Sakura pigment ink fine line pens and metallic ink pens on acid free archival RendR brand opaque paper.

Related themes

SurfaceSurface ScienceChemistryCondensed MatterMaterials Science

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Dr. Valluzzi is a trained and experienced research scientist and science educator with a Ph.D. in Polymers, a B.S. in Materials Science from MIT and extensive experience and advanced training in Industrial[...]

Dr. Valluzzi is a trained and experienced research scientist and science educator with a Ph.D. in Polymers, a B.S. in Materials Science from MIT and extensive experience and advanced training in Industrial Chemistry, Biotechnology and Nanoscience. Her main body of work focuses on scientific themes and ideas. A complementary body of work develops new approaches to landscape paintings and more realistic themes, using nove ltechniques and media combinations.

Dr. Valluzzi's choice of materials and creative techniques are informed by her deep scientific background in areas related to the science of materials and how they behave.

See more from Regina Valluzzi

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Drawing | 11x14 in
$625

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