无论是街头艺术、城市艺术还是涂鸦，这些新的艺术趋势已经在所有主要城市建立了几十年：从纽约到巴黎，或者从伦敦经里约热内卢到东京。热内卢。首先，“街头艺术”这个词的使用是最近才出现的。它可以追溯到 2000 年代。它在 2006 年代表这一艺术运动的作品的第一次艺术拍卖中被使用。 2008 年，伦敦泰特现代美术馆的“街头艺术”展览使用了这个词来描述这种以风格多样（涂鸦、拼贴画、模板、装置、壁画、马赛克、贴纸……）为特征的新奇艺术运动。
您可以说这是一场始于 1960 年代且至今依然活跃的全球艺术运动。使用的媒体、风格、技术的多样性和在公共空间中创造的自由。这是一个进入艺术史的新运动。
自远古以来，墙上就发现了艺术的痕迹。无论是拉斯科洞穴中的壁画艺术，还是庞贝古城墙壁上的名字，公共空间中的绘画和涂鸦艺术无处不在。因此，今天所谓的街头艺术并不是全新的。
在 1930 年代的法国，对涂鸦感兴趣的艺术家 Brassaï 决定将它们拍摄下来，以便在照片中记住它们。 1950 年代，Jacques Villeglé (1926-) 和 Raymond Hains 从街上捡回海报，用这些破损的海报重新创作一件艺术品。因此，他们为后来的街头艺术奠定了基础。与此同时，Gérard Zlotykamien（1940-）于 1963 年开始在他称之为“蜉蝣”的街道上绘制黑色和红色剪影。他将继续绘制他的轮廓数年。
这种轮廓主题和喷漆的使用在 Ernest Pignon-Ernest（1942-）的作品中也很重要。他的模版剪裁轮廓和绘制在墙上的是他的签名。他会像今天的涂鸦艺术家一样，用他的创作侵入某些地方和墙壁。
20 世纪 60 年代末，在美国费城，第一位“画家”是艺术家 Cornbread，他到处写下自己的签名。这是第一个标签的诞生：用气溶胶喷雾制作的大写字母。许多年轻人以他们为榜样，将自己的名字挂在墙上。
1969 年 Julio 204，在纽约是第一个在这个城市进行标记的人，他也是第一个将他的街道号码添加到他的签名中的人。将成为纽约运动标志的现象。 Taki 183 确实是第一个在这座城市出名的贴标签者，他的签名覆盖了墙壁和地铁列车。
面对涂鸦艺术家数量的增加，艺术家开始寻求差异化。 Stay High 149 是第一个在其签名中添加图形元素的品牌，其标签加倍并添加了 Le Saint 系列中可见的光环。许多涂鸦艺术家将仿效他的榜样，风格将变得越来越有创意。第 2 阶段是杰出的艺术家，他将通过创建更多原始字母形状并以箭头结束其构图来修改标签。
70 年代后期多产的艺术家 Seen 创作了明亮的对比色作品，而 Blade 在他的作品中则致力于透视和几何学。他是最早被画廊发现并举办首次展览的艺术家之一。
风格越来越多地演变，有时会偏离原始涂鸦。当局对在门和地铁车厢贴标签的艺术家的真正追捕愈演愈烈，艺术家们被迫加倍发挥创造力，在工作和创造力上越来越快，才能从其他艺术家中脱颖而出.这也将导致他们工作地点的改变和墙的增加，以支持他们的成就。他们的工作工具的演变气溶胶可以演变。许多颜色出现，喷嘴允许艺术家使用各种线条粗细。
艺术家 Futura、Dondi White、Rammellzee 或 A-One 是 79 年代末和 80 年代初美国的主要艺术家。他们也是第一个在他们的作品中传递或多或少的政治信息的人。自 1979 年以来，艺术场所和另类画廊一直对街头艺术艺术家感兴趣并展出。成功变得国际化，从 1980 年代开始，艺术家 Blade、Futura 或 Seen 在欧洲举办了众多展览。鹿特丹的 Boijmans Van Beuningen 博物馆等欧洲博物馆将收购街头艺术作品。随着展览和通过旅行发现街头艺术，从 1983 年到 1984 年，这种现象在欧洲蔓延（法国、意大利、德国……）
在巴黎，第一位知名的涂鸦艺术家是 Bando，他从法国进口涂鸦，加入艺术家 Blek le Rat 和 Jérôme Mesnager 的行列，他们使用城市支持在艺术家身上制作模板。
巴黎涂鸦的发端主要集中在新桥和协和桥之间的塞纳河两岸。欧洲艺术家之间的交流正在加强。因此，英国艺术家 Mode 2 将在巴黎与 Bando 合作，Bando 随后将与荷兰人 Sho 合作。与北美艺术家的交流也在加强，比如在纽约认识坂东的 JonOne，他将向他展示巴黎正在做的事情。 JonOne 随后来到巴黎，加入 Bad Boy Crew (BBC) 并最终永久留在法国首都。 JonOne 将通过专注于运动而不是文字来使自己与其他艺术家区分开来。 1990 年代初期，BBC 在整个欧洲展出。
如果直到现在街头艺术本质上是一种标记技术，那么从 1990 年代开始，城市艺术将经历一场小革命。一些艺术家会用面孔、肖像的表现来代替签名......-比如谢泼德费尔雷别名 Obey。 1989 年还是一名学生时，他创造了一个图标“巨人安德烈有一个团队”，并用它制作了一张贴纸，分发给他的朋友，让他们把它贴在任何地方。它的目的是让我们意识到我们看到的图像都是有意义的，理解它很重要。
新一代将不再只用气雾罐侵入城市空间，而是用贴纸、拼贴、马赛克、模板……
法国太空入侵者将通过在墙壁上粘贴马赛克镶嵌物来侵入公共空间，以创造受 1978 年街机游戏《太空入侵者》启发的视觉效果。 Invader 已在全球 60 多个城市安装了 3000 多个零件。
为了应对商业传播在公共空间造成的视觉污染，艺术家 Zevs 将在天黑后将主要品牌的标志液化在百货公司的外墙上，以转移它们。他还将通过在人行道上绘制这些物体的阴影来创建街道家具物体的阴影。
多年来，艺术家 Banksy 将用他的艺术以幽默、诗歌和震撼的视觉效果来谴责社会的失败，尤其是使用模板技术。他简单而精致的场景使人们震惊并留下深刻的印象。他很快成为最著名的艺术家之一。其他法国艺术家将使用这种技术，如 Miss.Tic、Blek le Rat、Jef Aérosol 或 C215。
街头艺术在不断发展。从他最初的简单涂鸦到 Seen 或 JonOne 的涂鸦，技术正在多样化。涂鸦艺术家继续使用喷雾罐来创作他们的作品。但他们也使用新技术和支持，如马赛克、模板、贴纸、装置、雕塑或视频投影。
设法对媒体隐瞒身份的艺术家。他的作品主要是在伦敦的街头用模板制作的，然后才入侵全世界的街头。
他的讽刺和颠覆性作品的目的是突出一种不同于周围环境的思维方式。尤其是大众媒体。他的工作侧重于强烈的政治和社会需求。
2010年的纪录片《从礼品店出去》获得奥斯卡最佳纪录片提名。
他出生于 1970 年，是一位以丝网印刷而闻名的当代艺术家。他的作品最初以他的贴纸而闻名，他的作品因在 2008 年美国总统大选期间创作的巴拉克·奥巴马 (Barrack Obama) 海报而出名。
他的作品被许多博物馆收藏，例如纽约现代艺术博物馆和伦敦维多利亚和阿尔伯特博物馆。
1957年出生的艺术家，是80年代初期法国街头艺术的先驱之一。模板艺术家，他创作了猫王、列侬、巴斯奎特等人物的肖像，但也创作了匿名人物的肖像，例如儿童、路人或乞丐。
“当你几乎一无所有时，涂鸦是为数不多的可用途径之一。虽然你不能用一幅画来治愈这个世界上的贫困，但至少你可以让人们在小便时微笑”。
“最大的罪行不是那些违反规则的人犯下的，而是那些服从命令的人犯下的。他们是那些投下炸弹和屠杀村庄的人。”
“创造是一种疾病，一种我无意治愈的反常现象！”
许多街头艺术和城市艺术节在世界各地举行：
Contemporary Street Art is a captivating form of artistic expression that has taken the world by storm. Unlike traditional artworks, Street Art is often created using unconventional supports and materials such as walls, bridges, and even abandoned buildings. These urban canvases are brought to life using a variety of tools including spray paint, markers, and stencils. What makes Street Art unique is its ability to challenge the status quo, provoke thought and emotion, and provide a voice to the marginalized and oppressed. This art form is often associated with rebelliousness, activism, and an unapologetic attitude. Whether it takes the form of a political statement or a beautiful mural, Street Art has the power to transform an ordinary space into a work of art that resonates with people from all walks of life.
The emergence of graffiti in the 1960s and 1970s is considered a pivotal moment in the history of original contemporary Street Art. This period was marked by the rise of hip-hop culture, which provided a platform for young people to express themselves through art.
The evolution of original contemporary Street Art has been remarkable in recent years. From its origins in the underground graffiti scene, Street Art has become a respected form of contemporary art that has taken the world by storm. With its vibrant colours, bold designs and powerful messages, Street Art has captured the imagination of the public and the art world alike. The use of stencils, wheat paste, stickers and murals has allowed Street Art to be accessible to everyone, making it an inclusive art form. The importance of Street Art in the contemporary art market cannot be overstated. It has become a valuable commodity and has been embraced by galleries and collectors worldwide. The demand for Street Art has risen, leading to an increase in prices and recognition for its artists. The relevance of Street Art in society has also been highlighted, with its ability to communicate social and political issues in a powerful and immediate way. Street Art has become a force to be reckoned with in the art world, and its evolution shows no signs of slowing down.
Contemporary Street Art is a genre of art that has taken the art world by storm. Here are some well-known artists who have made a name for themselves in the world of Street Art.
Banksy is a British artist who is known for his political and social commentary in his work. His pieces often include stenciled images and satirical messages that challenge the status quo.
Shepard Fairey is an American artist who is best known for his work on the Obama "Hope" poster. He is known for his bold and graphic style, which often incorporates political and social issues.
JR is a French artist who is known for his large-scale, black and white photographs that he wheat pastes onto buildings around the world. His work often focuses on issues of identity, community, and social justice.
Faith47 is a South African artist who is known for her murals that often incorporate elements of nature and spirituality. Her work is often introspective and poetic, exploring themes of identity, memory, and the human condition.
Os Gemeos are Brazilian twin brothers who are known for their colorful and playful murals that often incorporate elements of Brazilian culture and folklore. Their work is often characterized by a sense of whimsy and childlike wonder.
These artists have made significant contributions to the world of Street Art, challenging the status quo and bringing attention to important social and political issues. Their work continues to inspire and engage audiences around the world.
Banksy’s "Girl with Balloon" is a 2002 stencil artwork that depicts a young girl reaching for a heart-shaped balloon. This piece has become a symbol of hope and innocence, but also reflects the fleeting nature of life.
Shepard Fairey’s "Hope" is a 2008 poster featuring a stylized portrait of Barack Obama with the word "hope" beneath it. This artwork was commissioned during Obama’s 2008 presidential campaign and has since become an iconic symbol of political activism.
JR’s "Women Are Heroes" is a 2008 project in which he pasted large-scale portraits of women from around the world on the sides of buildings and other public spaces. This artwork highlights the strength and resilience of women, and the often overlooked contributions they make to society.
Os Gemeos’ "Giants" is a series of large-scale murals featuring the artists’ signature yellow characters. These playful and whimsical artworks often depict the artists’ personal experiences and memories, as well as their connection to their Brazilian heritage.
Keith Haring’s "Crack is Wack" is a 1986 mural that was painted on a handball court in New York City. This artwork serves as a warning about the dangers of drug addiction, and also reflects Haring’s belief in the power of art to inspire social change.
Invader’s "Space Invaders" is a series of pixelated mosaics featuring characters from the classic video game. These artworks have been installed in cities around the world, and serve as a reminder of the importance of play and imagination in our daily lives.
Swoon’s "Thalassa" is a 2014 installation that features a large-scale sculpture of a female figure riding a wave. This artwork reflects the power and beauty of the ocean, and also serves as a metaphor for the fluidity of human experience.
Borondo’s "Animal" is a 2016 mural that features a hyperrealistic portrait of a bull. This artwork reflects the artist’s interest in the relationship between humans and nature, and also serves as a commentary on the exploitation of animals for human gain.
